Institute of Criminal Justice Studies

Profile

BA (Hons) (Exeter), MA (Warwick), PhD (LSE), Pg.Cert (Portsmouth), FSyI.

Expertise

• Counter fraud strategies
• Fraud measurement
• Policing
• Private policing
• Private security
• Regulation of private security

Centre for Counter Fraud Studies

Research Income

• 2011 awarded £20,000 from Midlands Fraud Forum, Eversheds and PKF to research the sanctioning of fraudsters (Mark Button Principal Investigator, with Graham Brooks, Chris Lewis, David Shepherd and Alison Wakefield).
• 2011 awarded £21,400 from Department for International Development to develop research methodology to measure fraud in overseas aid (Mark Button Principal Investigator, with Graham Brooks, Chris Lewis and David Shepherd).
• 2011 awarded £1500 to lead seminar at the Department for International Development on measuring fraud.
• 2011 awarded £18,400 from Acromas Group to research insurance fraud ‘cash for crash’ scams (Mark Button Principal Investigator, with Azeem Aleem, Graham Brooks and Chris Lewis).
• 2011 awarded £10,200 from PKF as sub-contractor to Kennedy Scott and the GMB to conduct research on Welfare to Work for Difficult to Employ Groups (Mark Button Principal Investigator, with Andy Bain and David Pritchard).
• 2010 awarded £2800 from Saga/Acromas for assessment of their counter fraud strategy with a particular reference to anti-fraud culture.
• 2009 awarded £75,800 from National Fraud Authority and Association of Chief Police Officers to conduct research on the victims of fraud in England and Wales.
• 2008 awarded £21,000 from HEIF 3 Development Fund to establish a Centre for Counter Fraud Studies.
• 2004 awarded with Barry Loveday, Robin Fletcher and Dean Blackbourn £39,000 from East Hampshire District Council, Winchester City Council and Isle of Wight Council to conduct crime audits.
• 2004 secured circa £75,000 from NHS Counter Fraud and Security Management Service to fund research assistant looking into counter fraud specialists in the public sector.
• 1998 awarded with Tim John and Nigel Brearley £4,650 by University of Portsmouth to research ‘Policing the New Social Protest Movements - A Case Study of the Extractive Industries’.

Publications

Books

• Button, M. and Gee, J. (Under Contract) Countering Fraud for Competitive Advantage. Chichester: Wiley.
• Smith, G., Button, M., Johnston, L. and Frimpong, K. (2010) Studying Fraud as White Collar Crime. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
• Button, M.(2008) Doing Security: Critical Reflections and an Agenda for Change. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
• Button, M (2007) Security Officers and Policing: Powers, Culture and Control in the Governance of Private Space. Aldershot: Ashgate.
• Button, M. (2002) Private Policing. Cullompton: Willan Publishing.
• George, B. & Button, M. (2000) Private Security. Leicester: Perpetuity Press.

Edited journals / books

• Button, M. (2011) Fraud, Corruption and the Financial Crisis Special Edition. International Journal of Law Crime and Justice, 39:3.
• Borodzicz, E. and Button, M. (eds) (2007) Terrorism. Special Edition of Security Journal, 20:3.
  

Refereed articles

• Button, M., Tapley, J. and Lewis, C. (Forthcoming) The ‘Fraud Justice Network’ and the Infra-structure of Support for Individual Fraud Victims in England and Wales. Criminology and Criminal Justice.
• Button, M. (Forthcoming) Cross-Border Fraud and the Case for an ‘Interfraud’.  Policing: an International Journal of Police Strategies & Management.
• Brooks, G., Button, M. and Gee, J. (2012) The Scale of Healthcare Fraud: A Global Evaluation. Security Journal, 25, pp 76-87.
• Button, M., Gee, J. and  Brooks, G. (2012) Measuring the Cost of Fraud: An Opportunity for the New Competitive Advantage.  Journal of Financial Crime, 19, pp 65-75.
• Button, M. (2011) Fraud Investigation and the ‘Flawed Architecture’ of Counter Fraud Entities in the United Kingdom. International Journal of Law Crime and Justice, 39, pp 249-265.  
• Button, M. (2011) Editorial: Fraud, Corruption and the Financial Crisis. International Journal of Law Crime and Justice, 39, pp 137-139.
• Button, M. (2011) The Private Security Industry Act 2001 and the Security Management Gap in the United Kingdom. Security Journal, 24, pp 118-132. 
• Button, M. and Loveday, B. (2010) Direct Elections and the Local Governance of Crime in the UK: A View from the Ground. Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 12, 156-175.
• Button, M. and Park, H. (2009) Security Officers And The Policing Of Private Space In South Korea: Profile, Powers And Occupational Hazards. Policing and Society, 19, 247-262.
• Brooks, G., Button, M. and Frimpong, K. (2009) Policing Fraud in the Private Sector: A survey of FTSE 100 Companies in the UK. International Journal of Police Science and Management, 11, 493-504.
• Button, M. and Brooks, G. (2009) “Mind the Gap”, Progress Towards Developing anti-fraud culture strategies in UK Central Government Bodies. Journal of Financial Crime, 16: 229-244.
• Johnston, L., Button, M. and Williamson, T. (2008) Police, Governance and the Private Finance Initiative. Policing and Society, 18: 225-244.  
• Button, M., Johnston, L., Frimpong, K. and Smith, G. (2007) New Directions in Policing Fraud: the Emergence of the Counter Fraud Specialist in the United Kingdom. International Journal of the Sociology of the Law, 35, pp 192-208.
• Button, M., Williamson, T. and Johnston, L. (2007) ‘Too many chiefs and not enough chief executives.’ Barriers to the development of PFI in the police service in England and Wales. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 7, pp 287-305.
• Button, M., Frimpong, K., Smith, G. and Johnston, L. (2007) Professionalising Counter Fraud Specialists in the UK: Assessing Progress and Recommendations for Reform. Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 9,92-101.
• Button, M. (2007) Developments in Security. Security Journal, 20, pp 51-54.
• Button, M. (2007) Assessing the regulation of private security across Europe. European Journal of Criminology, 4, 109-128.   
• Button, M., Park, H.  and Lee, J. (2006) The Private Security Industry in South Korea: A familiar tale of growth, gaps and the need for better regulation. Security Journal, 19, pp 167-179.  
• Button, M. (2003) Private Security and the Policing of Quasi-Public Space. International Journal of the Sociology of the Law, 31, pp 227-237.  
• George, B., Button, M. and Whatford, N. (2003) The Impact of September 11^th on the UK Business Community. Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 5, pp 49-60.
• Button, M., John, T. and Brearley, N. (2002)New Challenges in Public Order Policing: The Professionalisation of Environmental Protest and the Emergence of the Militant Environmental Activist. International Journal of the Sociology of the Law, 30, pp 17-32.
• Button, M. and John, T. (2002) ‘Plural Policing’ In Action: A Review of the Policing of Environmental Protests in England and Wales. Policing and Society, 12, pp 111-121.
• Button, M. and George, B. (2001) Government Regulation in the United Kingdom Private Security Industry: The Myth of Non-Regulation. Security Journal, 14,  pp 55-66.
• Button, M. (1999) Private Security and its Contribution to Policing: Under-researched, Under-utilized and Underestimated. International Journal of Police Science and Management, 2, pp 103-116. 
• George, B. and Button, M. (1998) ‘Too Little Too Late’ A Critique of Recent Policy Proposals for the Private Security Industry in the United Kingdom. Security Journal, 10, pp 1-7. 
• Button, M. (1998) ‘Beyond the Public Gaze’ The Exclusion of Private Investigators from the British Debate Over Regulating Private Security. International Journal of the Sociology of Law, 26, pp 1-16.
• George, B. and Button, M (1997) Regulating Private Security - Lessons from Abroad for the United Kingdom. International Journal of Risk, Security and Crime Prevention, 2, pp 109-121. 
• George, B. and Button, M. (1996) The Case for Regulation. International Journal of Risk, Security and Crime Prevention, 1, pp 53-57.

Chapters

• Button, M. (Forthcoming) Optimising Security through Effective Regulation: Lessons from Around the Globe. In, Prenzler, T. (ed) Best Practice in Policing and Security. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
• Button, M. and Johnston, L. (2011) Private or Public Policing. In, Ellis, T. and Savage, S. (eds) Debates in Criminal Justice. Abingdon: Routledge.
• Button, M. and Bretherick, D. (2011) Capital Punishment: The Case For and Against. In, Ellis, T. and Savage, S. (eds) Debates in Criminal Justice. Abingdon: Routledge.
• Button, M. and George, B. (2006) Regulation of Security: New Models for Analysis. In, Gill, M. (ed) Handbook of Security.Basingstoke: Palgrave.
• Button, M. (2006) Community Safety and the Private Security Sector. In (ed) Squires, P. Understanding Community Safety.Bristol: Policy Press
• Button, M. (2004) ‘Softly, Softly’, Private Security and the Policing of Corporate Space. In, Hopkins-Burke, R. (ed) Hard Cop, Soft Cop: Dilemmas and Debates in Contemporary Policing. Cullompton: Willan Publishing.
• Button, M. (2003) Private Security Industry Law in Europe: The Case of Great Britain. In,  Outer, S. and Stober, R. (eds) Recht des Sicherheitsgewerbes.Koln: Heymanns.
• George, B., Button, M. and Whatford, N. (2003) The Impact of September 11^th on the UK Business Community. In, Gill, M. (ed) Managing Security.Leicester: Perpetuity Press.
• Button, M. and George, B. (1998)Why Some Organisations Prefer Contract to In-house Security Staff. In, Gill, M. (Ed) Crime  at Work: Increasing the Risk for Offenders.  Leicester: Perpetuity Press.
• Button, M. and George, B. (1994) Why Some Organisations Prefer In-house to Contract Security Staff. In, Gill, M. (Ed) Crime at Work: Studies in Security and Crime Prevention.Leicester: Perpetuity Press.

Research Reports

• Gee, J., Button, M., Brooks, G. and Higginbottom, N. (2011) The Resilience to Fraud of the UK Housing Sector – research into How Well UK Social Housing Organisations Protect Themselves. London: PKF/CCFS.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Brooks, G. (2011) The Financial Cost of Healthcare Fraud. What the data from around the world shows. London: PKF/CCFS
• Gee, J., Brooks, G. and Button, M. (2011) Fraud in Football. London: PKF/CCFS
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Brooks, G. (2011) The Financial Cost of Fraud. What the data from around the world shows. London: PKF/CCFS.
• Palmer, R. and Button, M. (2011) Civilian private security services: their role, oversight and contribution to crime prevention and community safety. Expert Group on Civilian Private Security Services, Oct 12-14. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Cook, I. (2011) The Resilience to Fraud of the UK HEI Sector. London: PKF.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Cook, I. (2011) The Resilience to Fraud of the UK Public Sector. London: PKF/CCFS.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Bassett, P. (2011) Fraud Loss Measurement - A Short Guide to the Methodology and Approach. London: PKF.
• Gee, J., Button, M., Bain, A. and Pritchard, D. (2011) The Road to Work and Opportunity in the 21^st Century Empowered, Employed, Enriched: Opening Doors to Work and Benefitting the Nation. London: PKF.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Cook, I. (2011) The Resilience to Fraud of the UK Charity Sector. London: PKF.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Cook, I. (2011) The Resilience to Fraud of UK Plc. London: PKF.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Bassett, P. (2011) Fraud Loss Measurement - A Short Guide to the Methodology and Approach. London: PKF.
• Button, M., Gee, J., Lewis, C. and Tapley, J. (2010) The Human Cost of Fraud: A Vox Populi. London: MacIntyre Hudson/CCFS.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Brooks, G. (2010) The Financial Cost of Public Sector Fraud. London: MacIntyre Hudson/CCFS.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Brooks, G. (2010) The Financial Cost of Healthcare Fraud. London: MacIntyre Hudson/CCFS.
• Button, M., Lewis, C. and Tapley, J. (2009a) Fraud Typologies and the Victims of Fraud Literature Review. London: National Fraud Authority.  
• Button, M., Lewis, C. and Tapley, J. (2009b) Support for the Victims of Fraud: An Assessment of the current Infra-Structure in England and Wales. London: National Fraud Authority.
• Button, M., Lewis, C. and Tapley, J. (2009c) A Better Deal for Victims. London: National Fraud Authority.   
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Brooks, G. (2009) The Financial Cost of Fraud. London: MacIntyre Hudson/CCFS.
• Gee, J., Button, M. and Frimpong, K. (2009) The Resilience to Fraud of UK plc. London: MacIntyre Hudson/CCFS.
• Button, M., Frimpong, K., Johnston, L. and Smith, G. (2005) Counter Fraud Specialists in the Public Sector. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth.

Literature and Book Reviews

• Button, M. (2007) International Journal of Police Science and Management. Doig, A. (2006) Fraud. Cullompton: Willan.
• Button, M. (2006) International Journal of Police Science and Management. Greenberg, M., A. (2005) Citizens Defending America. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
• Button, M. (2005) The Howard Journal. 44, pp 433-434. Johnston, L. and Shearing, C. (2003) Governing Security. London: Routledge.
• Button, M. (2005) Security Journal. 18, pp 83-84. Comer, M., J. Investigating Corporate Fraud. Aldershot: Gower.
• Button, M. (2003) International Journal of Police Science and Management. 4 pp 301-303. Rigakos, G. The New Parapolice Risk Markets and Commodified Social Control. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
• Button, M. (2001) Reviewing the British Debate over Private Prisons. International Journal of Police Science and Management,. 3, pp 185-191.
• Button, M. (1998) International Journal of the Sociology of the Law. 26 pp 459-462. Jones, T. and Newburn, T. (1998) Private Security and Public Policing. Oxford: Clarenden Press